Myanmar scores 28.3/100 on the 2023 RSF World Press Freedom Index, ranking #173 globally. Freedom House rates it Not Free (8/100). Context: pop 54.0 million, GDP $76.09B.
2023 Press Freedom Scorecard
Overall score and global position
In the 2023 World Press Freedom Index, Myanmar scores 28.26 out of 100 and ranks #173 globally — one of the most restricted press environments in the world. Of the 25 Freedom House indicators, Myanmar earns 0 at the maximum 4/4 and 13 at 0/4; its strongest category is Political Pluralism (3/16) and its weakest is Rule of Law (0/16).
28.3 / 100
Composite index comparison
Press freedom score — higher is freer.
Elections, political pluralism, government functioning.
Freedom of expression, association, rule of law, personal autonomy.
Academic press-freedom index from the Varieties of Democracy project (0–1 rescaled to 0–100).
Five-year RSF trend
Over 2019–2023, Myanmar moved from 55.08 to 28.26 on the RSF scale (a decline of 26.82 points). The lowest recorded score was 25.03 and the highest was 55.23.
Year-over-year RSF movement
Myanmar's biggest single-year RSF movement in the 2019–2023 window was a loss of 28.83 points between 2021 (53.86) and 2022 (25.03).
| Years | From | To | Δ score |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 → 2020 | 55.08 | 55.23 | ▲ 0.15 |
| 2020 → 2021 | 55.23 | 53.86 | ▼ -1.37 |
| 2021 → 2022 | 53.86 | 25.03 | ▼ -28.83 |
| 2022 → 2023 | 25.03 | 28.26 | ▲ 3.23 |
Full socio-economic dashboard
Demographics & geography
Economy & labour
Health
Education
Administration
All socio-economic indicators from the World Bank country dataset (2023 snapshot).
Democratic Rights & Civil Liberties
Freedom status explained
Freedom House classifies Myanmar as Not Free with a 2024 aggregate score of 8/100 — basic political rights and civil liberties are widely denied.
Within Freedom House's Asia region (43 countries), Myanmar ranks #40 on the latest aggregate score — the 7th percentile. The region leaders are New Zealand, Japan, Australia.
Political Rights vs Civil Liberties
Rating 7 of 7 (1 = best)
Rating 6 of 7 (1 = best)
Civil liberties are rated higher than political rights — everyday freedoms are better protected than the formal political framework (elections, pluralism, government functioning).
Twelve-year Freedom House trend
Between 2013 and 2024, Freedom House moved Myanmar from Not Free (Not Free, 26/100) to Not Free (Not Free, 8/100).
Status transitions
Freedom House records 2 status transitions for Myanmar between 2017 and 2020 — each row below marks the year the classification flipped between Free, Partly Free, and Not Free.
| Year | From | To | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2017 | Not Free | → | Partly Free |
| 2020 | Partly Free | → | Not Free |
Indicator trajectory (A–G over 12 years)
Of the 25 Freedom House indicators tracked for Myanmar, 18 moved at least one point across the available Freedom House history. The eight with the largest absolute change appear below.
| Code | Indicator | Earliest | Latest | Δ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A2 | Free and fair legislative elections | 2/4 (2013) | 0/4 (2024) | ▼ -2 |
| C1 | Elected officials govern | 2/4 (2013) | 0/4 (2024) | ▼ -2 |
| D4 | Private discussion | 3/4 (2013) | 1/4 (2024) | ▼ -2 |
| E1 | Freedom of assembly | 2/4 (2013) | 0/4 (2024) | ▼ -2 |
| A3 | Electoral framework | 1/4 (2013) | 0/4 (2024) | ▼ -1 |
| B1 | Right to organise in political parties | 2/4 (2013) | 1/4 (2024) | ▼ -1 |
| B2 | Opposition can gain power | 2/4 (2013) | 1/4 (2024) | ▼ -1 |
| B3 | Free political choice | 1/4 (2013) | 0/4 (2024) | ▼ -1 |
Latest A–G indicator scorecard
Electoral Process
PR
-
A1Free and fair head-of-government elections
0/4
-
A2Free and fair legislative elections
0/4
-
A3Electoral laws and framework
0/4
Political Pluralism & Participation
PR
-
B1Right to organise in political parties
1/4
-
B2Opposition can realistically gain power
1/4
-
B3Free political choice without domination
0/4
-
B4Political rights of minorities
1/4
Functioning of Government
PR
-
C1Elected officials determine government policy
0/4
-
C2Safeguards against corruption
1/4
-
C3Transparency of government
0/4
Freedom of Expression & Belief
CL
-
D1Free and independent media
1/4
-
D2Freedom of religious expression
1/4
-
D3Academic freedom
0/4
-
D4Free private discussion
1/4
Associational & Organisational Rights
CL
-
E1Freedom of assembly
0/4
-
E2Freedom for NGOs
1/4
-
E3Free trade unions
1/4
Rule of Law
CL
-
F1Independent judiciary
0/4
-
F2Due process in civil and criminal matters
0/4
-
F3Protection from illegitimate force
0/4
-
F4Equal treatment under the law
0/4
Personal Autonomy & Individual Rights
CL
-
G1Freedom of movement
1/4
-
G2Property rights
1/4
-
G3Personal social freedoms
1/4
-
G4Equality of opportunity
0/4
Each indicator is scored 0–4 by Freedom House analysts; category subtotals combine into the Political Rights (A + B + C = 0–40) and Civil Liberties (D + E + F + G = 0–60) aggregates shown above. 2024 edition.
Frequently Asked Questions
When did Myanmar see its biggest RSF press-freedom change?
The sharpest single-year shift was an deterioration of 28.83 points between 2021 (53.86) and 2022 (25.03) on the RSF index.
Has Myanmar changed Freedom House classification in the last 12 years?
Yes — Freedom House records 2 status changes for Myanmar, starting with a move from Not Free to Partly Free in 2017 and ending with Partly Free to Not Free in 2020.
Which Freedom House indicator moved most in Myanmar?
Indicator A2 (Free and fair legislative elections) changed by -2 points, moving from 2/4 to 0/4 across the available history — the biggest indicator-level movement of the 25 Freedom House sub-scores for Myanmar.
How does Myanmar rank within its Freedom House region?
Myanmar holds position #40 of 43 in the Asia region on the latest Freedom House aggregate score. The region's top country is New Zealand (99/100).
What is Myanmar's economic context for its press freedom score?
Myanmar has a GDP of $76.09B across a population of 54.0 million, giving a per-capita GDP of about $1,408. Its capital is Naypyidaw; the official language is Burmese.