Bosnia and Herzegovina scores 65.4/100 on the 2023 RSF World Press Freedom Index, ranking #64 globally. Freedom House rates it Partly Free (51/100). Context: pop 3.3 million, GDP $20.05B.
2023 Press Freedom Scorecard
Overall score and global position
In the 2023 World Press Freedom Index, Bosnia and Herzegovina scores 65.43 out of 100 and ranks #64 globally — a satisfactory-to-problematic press environment. In the Northern Shore zone, Bosnia and Herzegovina sits at position 8 of 11 Mediterranean states with RSF data. Of the 25 Freedom House indicators, Bosnia and Herzegovina earns 0 at the maximum 4/4 and 0 at 0/4; its strongest category is Freedom of Expression (10/16) and its weakest is Government Functioning (4/12).
65.4 / 100
Composite index comparison
Press freedom score — higher is freer.
Elections, political pluralism, government functioning.
Freedom of expression, association, rule of law, personal autonomy.
Academic press-freedom index from the Varieties of Democracy project (0–1 rescaled to 0–100).
Five-year RSF trend
Over 2019–2023, Bosnia and Herzegovina moved from 70.98 to 65.43 on the RSF scale (a decline of 5.55 points). The lowest recorded score was 65.43 and the highest was 71.66.
Year-over-year RSF movement
Bosnia and Herzegovina's biggest single-year RSF movement in the 2019–2023 window was a loss of 6.02 points between 2021 (71.66) and 2022 (65.64).
| Years | From | To | Δ score |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019 → 2020 | 70.98 | 71.49 | ▲ 0.51 |
| 2020 → 2021 | 71.49 | 71.66 | ▲ 0.17 |
| 2021 → 2022 | 71.66 | 65.64 | ▼ -6.02 |
| 2022 → 2023 | 65.64 | 65.43 | ▼ -0.21 |
Full socio-economic dashboard
Demographics & geography
Economy & labour
Health
Education
Administration
All socio-economic indicators from the World Bank country dataset (2023 snapshot).
Democratic Rights & Civil Liberties
Freedom status explained
Freedom House classifies Bosnia and Herzegovina as Partly Free with a 2024 aggregate score of 51/100 — political rights and civil liberties are respected in part but undercut by specific institutional or legal weaknesses.
Within Freedom House's Europe region (43 countries), Bosnia and Herzegovina ranks #42 on the latest aggregate score — the 2nd percentile. The region leaders are Finland, Sweden, Norway.
Political Rights vs Civil Liberties
Rating 5 of 7 (1 = best)
Rating 4 of 7 (1 = best)
Civil liberties are rated higher than political rights — everyday freedoms are better protected than the formal political framework (elections, pluralism, government functioning).
Twelve-year Freedom House trend
Between 2013 and 2024, Freedom House moved Bosnia and Herzegovina from Partly Free (Partly Free, 62/100) to Partly Free (Partly Free, 51/100).
Indicator trajectory (A–G over 12 years)
Of the 25 Freedom House indicators tracked for Bosnia and Herzegovina, 10 moved at least one point across the available Freedom House history. The eight with the largest absolute change appear below.
| Code | Indicator | Earliest | Latest | Δ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| F1 | Independent judiciary | 3/4 (2013) | 1/4 (2024) | ▼ -2 |
| A1 | Free and fair head-of-government elections | 3/4 (2013) | 2/4 (2024) | ▼ -1 |
| A2 | Free and fair legislative elections | 3/4 (2013) | 2/4 (2024) | ▼ -1 |
| A3 | Electoral framework | 2/4 (2013) | 1/4 (2024) | ▼ -1 |
| B2 | Opposition can gain power | 3/4 (2013) | 2/4 (2024) | ▼ -1 |
| B3 | Free political choice | 2/4 (2013) | 1/4 (2024) | ▼ -1 |
| B4 | Minority political rights | 3/4 (2013) | 2/4 (2024) | ▼ -1 |
| C2 | Anti-corruption safeguards | 2/4 (2013) | 1/4 (2024) | ▼ -1 |
Latest A–G indicator scorecard
Electoral Process
PR
-
A1Free and fair head-of-government elections
2/4
-
A2Free and fair legislative elections
2/4
-
A3Electoral laws and framework
1/4
Political Pluralism & Participation
PR
-
B1Right to organise in political parties
3/4
-
B2Opposition can realistically gain power
2/4
-
B3Free political choice without domination
1/4
-
B4Political rights of minorities
2/4
Functioning of Government
PR
-
C1Elected officials determine government policy
2/4
-
C2Safeguards against corruption
1/4
-
C3Transparency of government
1/4
Freedom of Expression & Belief
CL
-
D1Free and independent media
2/4
-
D2Freedom of religious expression
3/4
-
D3Academic freedom
2/4
-
D4Free private discussion
3/4
Associational & Organisational Rights
CL
-
E1Freedom of assembly
3/4
-
E2Freedom for NGOs
2/4
-
E3Free trade unions
2/4
Rule of Law
CL
-
F1Independent judiciary
1/4
-
F2Due process in civil and criminal matters
2/4
-
F3Protection from illegitimate force
2/4
-
F4Equal treatment under the law
2/4
Personal Autonomy & Individual Rights
CL
-
G1Freedom of movement
3/4
-
G2Property rights
2/4
-
G3Personal social freedoms
3/4
-
G4Equality of opportunity
2/4
Each indicator is scored 0–4 by Freedom House analysts; category subtotals combine into the Political Rights (A + B + C = 0–40) and Civil Liberties (D + E + F + G = 0–60) aggregates shown above. 2024 edition.
Frequently Asked Questions
When did Bosnia and Herzegovina see its biggest RSF press-freedom change?
The sharpest single-year shift was an deterioration of 6.02 points between 2021 (71.66) and 2022 (65.64) on the RSF index.
Which Freedom House indicator moved most in Bosnia and Herzegovina?
Indicator F1 (Independent judiciary) changed by -2 points, moving from 3/4 to 1/4 across the available history — the biggest indicator-level movement of the 25 Freedom House sub-scores for Bosnia and Herzegovina.
How does Bosnia and Herzegovina rank within its Freedom House region?
Bosnia and Herzegovina holds position #42 of 43 in the Europe region on the latest Freedom House aggregate score. The region's top country is Finland (100/100).
Where does Bosnia and Herzegovina sit among Northern Shore Mediterranean peers?
Within the Northern Shore zone, Bosnia and Herzegovina ranks #8 of 11 countries with RSF data. Its peers are France, Spain, Montenegro, Italy and others.
What is Bosnia and Herzegovina's economic context for its press freedom score?
Bosnia and Herzegovina has a GDP of $20.05B across a population of 3.3 million, giving a per-capita GDP of about $6,073. Its capital is Sarajevo; the official language is Bosnian.